2 # Copyright (C) 2010 Red Hat Inc.
4 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
7 # (at your option) any later version.
9 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 # GNU General Public License for more details.
14 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
16 # Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
22 use Win::Hivex::Regedit qw(reg_import reg_export);
31 hivexregedit - Merge and export Registry changes from regedit-format files.
35 hivexregedit --merge [--prefix prefix] [--encoding enc] \
38 hivexregedit --export [--prefix prefix] hivefile key > regfile
42 Please note hivexregedit is a low-level tool for manipulating hive
43 files directly. To merge or export registry changes to Windows
44 virtual machines it's better to use L<virt-win-reg(1)>.
46 Given a local binary ("hive") file, there are two modes. C<--merge>
47 imports (merges) changes from a regedit-format file into the hive. It
48 is similar to using the C</s> switch in Windows regedit.exe.
50 C<--export> exports a Registry key (recursively) into the regedit format.
54 C<hivexregedit> expects that regedit files have already been re-encoded
55 in the local encoding. Usually on Linux hosts, this means UTF-8 with
56 Unix-style line endings. Since Windows regedit files are often in
57 UTF-16LE with Windows-style line endings, you may need to re-encode the
58 whole file before or after processing.
60 To re-encode a file from Windows format to Linux (before processing it
61 with the C<--merge> option), you would do something like this:
63 iconv -f utf-16le -t utf-8 < win.reg | dos2unix > linux.reg
65 To go in the opposite direction, after using C<--export> and before
66 sending the file to a Windows user, do something like this:
68 unix2dos linux.reg | iconv -f utf-8 -t utf-16le > win.reg
70 For more information about encoding, see L<Win::Hivex::Regedit(3)>.
72 If you are unsure about the current encoding, use the L<file(1)>
73 command. Recent versions of Windows regedit.exe produce a UTF-16LE
74 file with Windows-style (CRLF) line endings, like this:
77 software.reg: Little-endian UTF-16 Unicode text, with very long lines,
78 with CRLF line terminators
80 This file would need conversion before you could C<--merge> it.
84 Be careful when passing parameters containing C<\> (backslash) in the
85 shell. Usually you will have to use 'single quotes' or double
86 backslashes (but not both) to protect them from the shell.
88 =head2 CurrentControlSet etc.
90 Registry keys like C<CurrentControlSet> don't really exist in the
91 Windows Registry at the level of the hive file, and therefore you
94 C<CurrentControlSet> is usually an alias for C<ControlSet001>. In
95 some circumstances it might refer to another control set. The way
96 to find out is to look at the C<HKLM\SYSTEM\Select> key:
98 $ hivexregedit --export SYSTEM '\Select'
100 "Current"=dword:00000001
101 "Default"=dword:00000001
102 "Failed"=dword:00000000
103 "LastKnownGood"=dword:00000002
105 "Current" is the one which Windows will choose when it boots.
107 Similarly, other C<Current...> keys in the path may need to
112 $ virt-cat WindowsGuest /Windows/System32/config/software > software.hive
113 $ hivexregedit --export \
114 --prefix 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE' \
115 software.hive '\Microsoft' > ms-keys.reg
117 $ hivexregedit --merge system.hive \
118 --prefix 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM' additions.reg
138 Enable debugging in the hivex library. This is useful for diagnosing
139 bugs and also malformed hive files.
147 hivexregedit --merge [--prefix prefix] [--encoding enc] \
150 Merge C<regfile> (a regedit-format text file) into the hive
151 C<hivefile>. If C<regfile> is omitted, then the program reads from
152 standard input. (Also you can give multiple input files).
154 C<--prefix> specifies the Windows Registry prefix. It is almost
155 always necessary to use this when dealing with real hive files.
157 C<--encoding> specifies the encoding for unmarked strings in the
158 input. It defaults to C<UTF-16LE> which should work for recent
159 versions of Windows. Another possibility is to use C<ASCII>.
167 hivexregedit --export [--prefix prefix] hivefile key > regfile
169 C<key> is a path within the hive C<hivefile>. (The key should not
170 contain any prefix and should be quoted to defend backslashes from the
171 shell). The key is exported, recursively, to standard output in the
172 textual regedit format.
174 C<--prefix> specifies the Windows Registry prefix. It is almost
175 always necessary to use this when dealing with real hive files.
181 =item B<--prefix> prefix
183 Hive files and Windows Registry key names are indirectly related. For
184 example, inside the software hive, all keys are stored relative to
185 C<HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE>. Thus
186 C<HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft> appears in the hive file as
189 The hive format itself does not store this prefix, so you have to
190 supply it based on outside knowledge. (L<virt-win-reg(1)>, amongst
191 other things, already knows about this).
193 Usually it is sufficient to pass the parameter
194 C<--prefix 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE'> or similar when doing
201 =item B<--encoding> UTF-16LE|ASCII
203 When merging (only), you may need to specify the encoding for strings
204 to be used in the hive file. This is explained in detail in
205 L<Win::Hivex::Regedit(3)/ENCODING STRINGS>.
207 The default is to use UTF-16LE, which should work with recent versions
214 GetOptions ("help|?" => \$help,
216 "merge|import" => \$merge,
217 "export" => \$export,
218 "prefix=s" => \$prefix,
219 "encoding=s" => \$encoding,
221 pod2usage (1) if $help;
223 if ($merge && $export) {
224 die "hivexregedit: cannot use --merge and --export at the same time\n"
227 unless ($merge || $export) {
228 die "hivexregedit: use --merge or --export, see the manpage for help\n"
231 if ($export && defined $encoding) {
232 die "hivexregedit: --encoding has no effect when used with --export\n"
235 if ($merge) { # --merge (reg_import)
237 die "hivexregedit --merge hivefile [input.reg ...]\n"
240 my $hivefile = shift @ARGV;
242 my $h = Win::Hivex->open ($hivefile, write => 1, debug => $debug);
244 # Read from stdin unless other files have been specified.
245 unshift (@ARGV, '-') unless @ARGV;
248 open FILE, $_ or die "$_: $!";
249 reg_import (\*FILE, sub {
251 # Remove prefix from the start of the path, matching
252 # case insensitively.
253 if (defined $prefix) {
254 my $len = length $prefix;
255 if (length $_ >= $len &&
256 lc (substr ($_, 0, $len)) eq lc ($prefix)) {
257 $_ = substr ($_, $len);
265 } else { # --export (reg_export)
267 die "hivexregedit --export hivefile key\n"
270 my $hivefile = shift @ARGV;
271 my $key = shift @ARGV;
273 my $h = Win::Hivex->open ($hivefile, debug => $debug);
275 print "Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00\n\n";
277 reg_export ($h, $key, \*STDOUT, prefix => $prefix);
283 L<Win::Hivex::Regedit(3)>,
289 L<http://libguestfs.org/>.
293 Richard W.M. Jones L<http://people.redhat.com/~rjones/>
297 Copyright (C) 2010 Red Hat Inc.
299 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
300 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
301 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
302 (at your option) any later version.
304 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
305 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
306 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
307 GNU General Public License for more details.
309 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
310 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
311 Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.