1 /* libguestfs - the guestfsd daemon
2 * Copyright (C) 2009-2010 Red Hat Inc.
4 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
7 * (at your option) any later version.
9 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 * GNU General Public License for more details.
14 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
16 * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
21 #define _BSD_SOURCE /* for daemon(3) */
31 #include <rpc/types.h>
34 #include <sys/param.h>
35 #include <sys/types.h>
40 #include <sys/select.h>
42 #include <arpa/inet.h>
43 #include <netinet/in.h>
52 #include "ignore-value.h"
57 static char *read_cmdline (void);
59 /* This is the default address we connect to for very old libraries
60 * which didn't specify the address and port number explicitly on the
61 * kernel command line. It's now recommended to always specify the
62 * address and port number on the command line, so this will not be
65 #define OLD_GUESTFWD_ADDR "10.0.2.4"
66 #define OLD_GUESTFWD_PORT "6666"
68 /* This is only a hint. If not defined, ignore it. */
70 # define AI_ADDRCONFIG 0
74 # define MAX(a,b) ((a)>(b)?(a):(b))
79 static int print_shell_quote (FILE *stream, const struct printf_info *info, const void *const *args);
80 static int print_sysroot_shell_quote (FILE *stream, const struct printf_info *info, const void *const *args);
81 #ifdef HAVE_REGISTER_PRINTF_SPECIFIER
82 static int print_arginfo (const struct printf_info *info, size_t n, int *argtypes, int *size);
84 #ifdef HAVE_REGISTER_PRINTF_FUNCTION
85 static int print_arginfo (const struct printf_info *info, size_t n, int *argtypes);
87 #error "HAVE_REGISTER_PRINTF_{SPECIFIER|FUNCTION} not defined"
93 daemon (int nochdir, int noclose)
96 "On Windows the daemon does not support forking into the "
97 "background.\nYou *must* run the daemon with the -f option.\n");
108 /* http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms742213.aspx */
109 r = gl_sockets_startup (SOCKETS_2_2);
110 return r == 0 ? 0 : -1;
120 /* Location to mount root device. */
121 const char *sysroot = "/sysroot"; /* No trailing slash. */
124 /* Not used explicitly, but required by the gnulib 'error' module. */
125 const char *program_name = "guestfsd";
131 "guestfsd [-f|--foreground] [-c|--channel vmchannel] [-v|--verbose]\n");
135 main (int argc, char *argv[])
137 static const char *options = "fc:v?";
138 static const struct option long_options[] = {
139 { "channel", required_argument, 0, 'c' },
140 { "foreground", 0, 0, 'f' },
141 { "help", 0, 0, '?' },
142 { "verbose", 0, 0, 'v' },
148 char *vmchannel = NULL;
150 if (winsock_init () == -1)
151 error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, "winsock initialization failed");
153 #ifdef HAVE_REGISTER_PRINTF_SPECIFIER
154 /* http://udrepper.livejournal.com/20948.html */
155 register_printf_specifier ('Q', print_shell_quote, print_arginfo);
156 register_printf_specifier ('R', print_sysroot_shell_quote, print_arginfo);
158 #ifdef HAVE_REGISTER_PRINTF_FUNCTION
159 register_printf_function ('Q', print_shell_quote, print_arginfo);
160 register_printf_function ('R', print_sysroot_shell_quote, print_arginfo);
162 #error "HAVE_REGISTER_PRINTF_{SPECIFIER|FUNCTION} not defined"
167 c = getopt_long (argc, argv, options, long_options, NULL);
188 fprintf (stderr, "guestfsd: unexpected command line option 0x%x\n", c);
198 cmdline = read_cmdline ();
200 /* Set the verbose flag. */
202 (cmdline && strstr (cmdline, "guestfs_verbose=1") != NULL);
204 printf ("verbose daemon enabled\n");
208 printf ("linux commmand line: %s\n", cmdline);
210 printf ("could not read linux command line\n");
214 /* Make sure SIGPIPE doesn't kill us. */
216 memset (&sa, 0, sizeof sa);
217 sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
219 if (sigaction (SIGPIPE, &sa, NULL) == -1)
220 perror ("sigaction SIGPIPE"); /* but try to continue anyway ... */
224 # define setenv(n,v,f) _putenv(n "=" v)
226 /* Set up a basic environment. After we are called by /init the
227 * environment is essentially empty.
228 * https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=502074#c5
230 * NOTE: if you change $PATH, you must also change 'prog_exists'
233 setenv ("PATH", "/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin", 1);
234 setenv ("SHELL", "/bin/sh", 1);
235 setenv ("LC_ALL", "C", 1);
236 setenv ("TERM", "dumb", 1);
239 /* We document that umask defaults to 022 (it should be this anyway). */
242 /* This is the default for Windows anyway. It's not even clear if
243 * Windows ever uses this -- the MSDN documentation for the function
244 * contains obvious errors.
249 /* Get the vmchannel string.
252 * --channel/-c option on the command line
253 * guestfs_vmchannel=... from the kernel command line
254 * guestfs=... from the kernel command line
257 * At the moment we expect this to contain "tcp:ip:port" but in
258 * future it might contain a device name, eg. "/dev/vcon4" for
259 * virtio-console vmchannel.
261 if (vmchannel == NULL && cmdline) {
265 p = strstr (cmdline, "guestfs_vmchannel=");
267 len = strcspn (p + 18, " \t\n");
268 vmchannel = strndup (p + 18, len);
275 /* Old libraries passed guestfs=host:port. Rewrite it as tcp:host:port. */
276 if (vmchannel == NULL) {
277 /* We will rewrite it part of the "guestfs=" string with
278 * "tcp:" hence p + 4 below. */
279 p = strstr (cmdline, "guestfs=");
281 len = strcspn (p + 4, " \t\n");
282 vmchannel = strndup (p + 4, len);
287 memcpy (vmchannel, "tcp:", 4);
292 /* Default vmchannel. */
293 if (vmchannel == NULL) {
294 vmchannel = strdup ("tcp:" OLD_GUESTFWD_ADDR ":" OLD_GUESTFWD_PORT);
302 printf ("vmchannel: %s\n", vmchannel);
304 /* Connect to vmchannel. */
307 if (STREQLEN (vmchannel, "tcp:", 4)) {
308 /* Resolve the hostname. */
309 struct addrinfo *res, *rr;
310 struct addrinfo hints;
315 port = strchr (host, ':');
320 fprintf (stderr, "vmchannel: expecting \"tcp:<ip>:<port>\": %s\n",
325 memset (&hints, 0, sizeof hints);
326 hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
327 hints.ai_flags = AI_ADDRCONFIG;
328 r = getaddrinfo (host, port, &hints, &res);
330 fprintf (stderr, "%s:%s: %s\n",
331 host, port, gai_strerror (r));
335 /* Connect to the given TCP socket. */
336 for (rr = res; rr != NULL; rr = rr->ai_next) {
337 sock = socket (rr->ai_family, rr->ai_socktype, rr->ai_protocol);
339 if (connect (sock, rr->ai_addr, rr->ai_addrlen) == 0)
350 "unknown vmchannel connection type: %s\n"
351 "expecting \"tcp:<ip>:<port>\"\n",
359 "Failed to connect to any vmchannel implementation.\n"
362 "This is a fatal error and the appliance will now exit.\n"
364 "Usually this error is caused by either QEMU or the appliance\n"
365 "kernel not supporting the vmchannel method that the\n"
366 "libguestfs library chose to use. Please run\n"
367 "'libguestfs-test-tool' and provide the complete, unedited\n"
368 "output to the libguestfs developers, either in a bug report\n"
369 "or on the libguestfs redhat com mailing list.\n"
375 /* Send the magic length message which indicates that
376 * userspace is up inside the guest.
380 uint32_t len = GUESTFS_LAUNCH_FLAG;
381 xdrmem_create (&xdr, lenbuf, sizeof lenbuf, XDR_ENCODE);
382 xdr_u_int (&xdr, &len);
384 if (xwrite (sock, lenbuf, sizeof lenbuf) == -1)
389 /* Fork into the background. */
391 if (daemon (0, 1) == -1) {
397 /* Enter the main loop, reading and performing actions. */
403 /* Read /proc/cmdline. */
407 int fd = open ("/proc/cmdline", O_RDONLY);
409 perror ("/proc/cmdline");
419 n = read (fd, buf, sizeof buf);
428 char *newr = realloc (r, len + n + 1); /* + 1 is for terminating NUL */
436 memcpy (&r[len], buf, n);
443 if (close (fd) == -1) {
452 /* Turn "/path" into "/sysroot/path".
454 * Caller must check for NULL and call reply_with_perror ("malloc")
455 * if it is. Caller must also free the string.
457 * See also the custom %R printf formatter which does shell quoting too.
460 sysroot_path (const char *path)
463 int len = strlen (path) + sysroot_len + 1;
469 snprintf (r, len, "%s%s", sysroot, path);
474 xwrite (int sock, const void *v_buf, size_t len)
477 const char *buf = v_buf;
480 r = write (sock, buf, len);
493 xread (int sock, void *v_buf, size_t len)
499 r = read (sock, buf, len);
505 fprintf (stderr, "read: unexpected end of file on fd %d\n", sock);
516 add_string (char ***argv, int *size, int *alloc, const char *str)
521 if (*size >= *alloc) {
523 new_argv = realloc (*argv, *alloc * sizeof (char *));
524 if (new_argv == NULL) {
525 reply_with_perror ("realloc");
526 free_strings (*argv);
533 new_str = strdup (str);
534 if (new_str == NULL) {
535 reply_with_perror ("strdup");
536 free_strings (*argv);
541 (*argv)[*size] = new_str;
548 count_strings (char *const *argv)
552 for (argc = 0; argv[argc] != NULL; ++argc)
558 compare (const void *vp1, const void *vp2)
560 char * const *p1 = (char * const *) vp1;
561 char * const *p2 = (char * const *) vp2;
562 return strcmp (*p1, *p2);
566 sort_strings (char **argv, int len)
568 qsort (argv, len, sizeof (char *), compare);
572 free_strings (char **argv)
576 for (argc = 0; argv[argc] != NULL; ++argc)
582 free_stringslen (char **argv, int len)
586 for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
591 /* Easy ways to run external commands. For full documentation, see
592 * 'commandrvf' below.
595 commandf (char **stdoutput, char **stderror, int flags, const char *name, ...)
602 /* Collect the command line arguments into an array. */
604 argv = malloc (sizeof (char *) * i);
609 argv[0] = (char *) name;
612 va_start (args, name);
614 while ((s = va_arg (args, char *)) != NULL) {
615 const char **p = realloc (argv, sizeof (char *) * (++i));
629 r = commandvf (stdoutput, stderror, flags, (const char * const*) argv);
631 /* NB: Mustn't free the strings which are on the stack. */
637 /* Same as 'command', but we allow the status code from the
638 * subcommand to be non-zero, and return that status code.
639 * We still return -1 if there was some other error.
642 commandrf (char **stdoutput, char **stderror, int flags, const char *name, ...)
649 /* Collect the command line arguments into an array. */
651 argv = malloc (sizeof (char *) * i);
656 argv[0] = (char *) name;
659 va_start (args, name);
661 while ((s = va_arg (args, char *)) != NULL) {
662 const char **p = realloc (argv, sizeof (char *) * (++i));
676 r = commandrvf (stdoutput, stderror, flags, argv);
678 /* NB: Mustn't free the strings which are on the stack. */
684 /* Same as 'command', but passing an argv. */
686 commandvf (char **stdoutput, char **stderror, int flags,
687 char const *const *argv)
691 r = commandrvf (stdoutput, stderror, flags, (void *) argv);
698 /* This is a more sane version of 'system(3)' for running external
699 * commands. It uses fork/execvp, so we don't need to worry about
700 * quoting of parameters, and it allows us to capture any error
701 * messages in a buffer.
703 * If stdoutput is not NULL, then *stdoutput will return the stdout
706 * If stderror is not NULL, then *stderror will return the stderr
707 * of the command. If there is a final \n character, it is removed
708 * so you can use the error string directly in a call to
713 * COMMAND_FLAG_FOLD_STDOUT_ON_STDERR: For broken external commands
714 * that send error messages to stdout (hello, parted) but that don't
715 * have any useful stdout information, use this flag to capture the
716 * error messages in the *stderror buffer. If using this flag,
717 * you should pass stdoutput as NULL because nothing could ever be
718 * captured in that buffer.
720 * COMMAND_FLAG_CHROOT_COPY_FILE_TO_STDIN: For running external
721 * commands on chrooted files correctly (see RHBZ#579608) specifying
722 * this flag causes another process to be forked which chroots into
723 * sysroot and just copies the input file to stdin of the specified
724 * command. The file descriptor is ORed with the flags, and that file
725 * descriptor is always closed by this function. See hexdump.c for an
729 commandrvf (char **stdoutput, char **stderror, int flags,
730 char const* const *argv)
732 int so_size = 0, se_size = 0;
733 int so_fd[2], se_fd[2];
734 int flag_copy_stdin = flags & COMMAND_FLAG_CHROOT_COPY_FILE_TO_STDIN;
735 int stdin_fd[2] = { -1, -1 };
736 pid_t pid, stdin_pid = -1;
742 if (stdoutput) *stdoutput = NULL;
743 if (stderror) *stderror = NULL;
746 printf ("%s", argv[0]);
747 for (i = 1; argv[i] != NULL; ++i)
748 printf (" %s", argv[i]);
752 /* Note: abort is used in a few places along the error paths early
753 * in this function. This is because (a) cleaning up correctly is
754 * very complex at these places and (b) abort is used when a
755 * resource problems is indicated which would be due to much more
756 * serious issues - eg. memory or file descriptor leaks. We
757 * wouldn't expect fork(2) or pipe(2) to fail in normal
761 if (pipe (so_fd) == -1 || pipe (se_fd) == -1) {
762 error (0, errno, "pipe");
766 if (flag_copy_stdin) {
767 if (pipe (stdin_fd) == -1) {
768 error (0, errno, "pipe");
775 error (0, errno, "fork");
779 if (pid == 0) { /* Child process running the command. */
781 if (flag_copy_stdin) {
782 dup2 (stdin_fd[0], 0);
786 /* Set stdin to /dev/null (ignore failure) */
787 open ("/dev/null", O_RDONLY);
791 if (!(flags & COMMAND_FLAG_FOLD_STDOUT_ON_STDERR))
799 execvp (argv[0], (void *) argv);
801 _exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
804 if (flag_copy_stdin) {
805 int fd = flags & COMMAND_FLAG_FD_MASK;
808 if (stdin_pid == -1) {
809 error (0, errno, "fork");
813 if (stdin_pid == 0) { /* Child process copying stdin. */
820 dup2 (stdin_fd[1], 1);
824 if (chroot (sysroot) == -1) {
826 _exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
831 while ((n = read (fd, buffer, sizeof buffer)) > 0) {
832 if (xwrite (1, buffer, n) == -1)
833 /* EPIPE error indicates the command process has exited
834 * early. If the command process fails that will be caught
835 * by the daemon, and if not, then it's not an error.
837 _exit (errno == EPIPE ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE);
842 _exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
845 if (close (fd) == -1) {
847 _exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
850 _exit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
858 /* Parent process. */
863 FD_SET (so_fd[0], &rset);
864 FD_SET (se_fd[0], &rset);
869 r = select (MAX (so_fd[0], se_fd[0]) + 1, &rset2, NULL, NULL, NULL);
873 if (stdoutput) free (*stdoutput);
874 if (stderror) free (*stderror);
877 waitpid (pid, NULL, 0);
878 if (stdin_pid >= 0) waitpid (stdin_pid, NULL, 0);
882 if (FD_ISSET (so_fd[0], &rset2)) { /* something on stdout */
883 r = read (so_fd[0], buf, sizeof buf);
888 if (r == 0) { FD_CLR (so_fd[0], &rset); quit++; }
890 if (r > 0 && stdoutput) {
892 p = realloc (*stdoutput, so_size);
898 memcpy (*stdoutput + so_size - r, buf, r);
902 if (FD_ISSET (se_fd[0], &rset2)) { /* something on stderr */
903 r = read (se_fd[0], buf, sizeof buf);
908 if (r == 0) { FD_CLR (se_fd[0], &rset); quit++; }
912 ignore_value (write (2, buf, r));
916 p = realloc (*stderror, se_size);
922 memcpy (*stderror + se_size - r, buf, r);
931 /* Make sure the output buffers are \0-terminated. Also remove any
932 * trailing \n characters from the error buffer (not from stdout).
935 void *q = realloc (*stdoutput, so_size+1);
942 (*stdoutput)[so_size] = '\0';
945 void *q = realloc (*stderror, se_size+1);
952 (*stderror)[se_size] = '\0';
954 while (se_size >= 0 && (*stderror)[se_size] == '\n')
955 (*stderror)[se_size--] = '\0';
959 if (flag_copy_stdin) {
960 /* Check copy process didn't fail. */
961 if (waitpid (stdin_pid, &r, 0) != stdin_pid) {
964 waitpid (pid, NULL, 0);
968 if (!WIFEXITED (r) || WEXITSTATUS (r) != 0) {
969 fprintf (stderr, "failed copying from input file, see earlier messages\n");
971 waitpid (pid, NULL, 0);
976 /* Get the exit status of the command. */
977 if (waitpid (pid, &r, 0) != pid) {
983 return WEXITSTATUS (r);
988 /* Split an output string into a NULL-terminated list of lines.
989 * Typically this is used where we have run an external command
990 * which has printed out a list of things, and we want to return
993 * The corner cases here are quite tricky. Note in particular:
997 * "a\nb" -> ["a"; "b"]
998 * "a\nb\n" -> ["a"; "b"]
999 * "a\nb\n\n" -> ["a"; "b"; ""]
1001 * The original string is written over and destroyed by this
1002 * function (which is usually OK because it's the 'out' string
1003 * from command()). You can free the original string, because
1004 * add_string() strdups the strings.
1007 split_lines (char *str)
1009 char **lines = NULL;
1010 int size = 0, alloc = 0;
1013 if (STREQ (str, ""))
1018 /* Empty last line? */
1022 pend = strchr (p, '\n');
1028 if (add_string (&lines, &size, &alloc, p) == -1) {
1036 if (add_string (&lines, &size, &alloc, NULL) == -1)
1042 /* Skip leading and trailing whitespace, updating the original string
1048 size_t len = strlen (str);
1050 while (len > 0 && c_isspace (str[len-1])) {
1055 const char *p = str;
1056 while (*p && c_isspace (*p)) {
1061 memmove (str, p, len+1);
1064 /* printf helper function so we can use %Q ("quoted") and %R to print
1065 * shell-quoted strings. See HACKING file for more details.
1068 print_shell_quote (FILE *stream,
1069 const struct printf_info *info ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
1070 const void *const *args)
1072 #define SAFE(c) (c_isalnum((c)) || \
1073 (c) == '/' || (c) == '-' || (c) == '_' || (c) == '.')
1075 const char *str = *((const char **) (args[0]));
1077 for (i = len = 0; str[i]; ++i) {
1078 if (!SAFE(str[i])) {
1079 putc ('\\', stream);
1082 putc (str[i], stream);
1090 print_sysroot_shell_quote (FILE *stream,
1091 const struct printf_info *info,
1092 const void *const *args)
1094 fputs (sysroot, stream);
1095 return sysroot_len + print_shell_quote (stream, info, args);
1098 #ifdef HAVE_REGISTER_PRINTF_SPECIFIER
1100 print_arginfo (const struct printf_info *info ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
1101 size_t n, int *argtypes, int *size)
1104 argtypes[0] = PA_STRING;
1105 size[0] = sizeof (const char *);
1110 #ifdef HAVE_REGISTER_PRINTF_FUNCTION
1112 print_arginfo (const struct printf_info *info, size_t n, int *argtypes)
1115 argtypes[0] = PA_STRING;
1119 #error "HAVE_REGISTER_PRINTF_{SPECIFIER|FUNCTION} not defined"
1123 /* Perform device name translation. Don't call this directly -
1124 * use the RESOLVE_DEVICE macro.
1126 * See guestfs(3) for the algorithm.
1128 * We have to open the device and test for ENXIO, because
1129 * the device nodes themselves will exist in the appliance.
1132 device_name_translation (char *device)
1136 fd = open (device, O_RDONLY);
1143 if (errno != ENXIO && errno != ENOENT)
1146 /* If the name begins with "/dev/sd" then try the alternatives. */
1147 if (STRNEQLEN (device, "/dev/sd", 7))
1150 device[5] = 'h'; /* /dev/hd (old IDE driver) */
1151 fd = open (device, O_RDONLY);
1155 device[5] = 'v'; /* /dev/vd (for virtio devices) */
1156 fd = open (device, O_RDONLY);
1160 device[5] = 's'; /* Restore original device name. */
1164 /* Check program exists and is executable on $PATH. Actually, we
1165 * just assume PATH contains the default entries (see main() above).
1168 prog_exists (const char *prog)
1170 static const char * const dirs[] =
1171 { "/sbin", "/usr/sbin", "/bin", "/usr/bin" };
1175 for (i = 0; i < sizeof dirs / sizeof dirs[0]; ++i) {
1176 snprintf (buf, sizeof buf, "%s/%s", dirs[i], prog);
1177 if (access (buf, X_OK) == 0)
1183 /* LVM and other commands aren't synchronous, especially when udev is
1184 * involved. eg. You can create or remove some device, but the /dev
1185 * device node won't appear until some time later. This means that
1186 * you get an error if you run one command followed by another.
1188 * Use 'udevadm settle' after certain commands, but don't be too
1189 * fussed if it fails.
1191 * 'udevsettle' was the old name for this command (RHEL 5). This was
1192 * deprecated in favour of 'udevadm settle'. The old 'udevsettle'
1193 * command was left as a symlink. Then in Fedora 13 the old symlink
1194 * remained but it stopped working (RHBZ#548121), so we have to be
1195 * careful not to assume that we can use 'udevsettle' if it exists.
1200 (void) command (NULL, NULL, "udevadm", "settle", NULL);
1201 (void) command (NULL, NULL, "udevsettle", NULL);