1 Libguestfs is a library for accessing and modifying guest disk images.
2 Amongst the things this is good for: making batch configuration
3 changes to guests, getting disk used/free statistics (see also:
4 virt-df), migrating between virtualization systems (see also:
5 virt-p2v), performing partial backups, performing partial guest
6 clones, cloning guests and changing registry/UUID/hostname info, and
9 Libguestfs uses Linux kernel and qemu code, and can access any type of
10 guest filesystem that Linux and qemu can, including but not limited
11 to: ext2/3/4, btrfs, FAT and NTFS, LVM, many different disk partition
12 schemes, qcow, qcow2, vmdk.
14 Libguestfs provides ways to enumerate guest storage (eg. partitions,
15 LVs, what filesystem is in each LV, etc.). It can also run commands
16 in the context of the guest. Also you can access filesystems over FTP.
18 Libguestfs is a library that can be linked with C and C++ management
19 programs (or management programs written in OCaml, Perl, Python, Ruby, Java
20 or Haskell). You can also use it from shell scripts or the command line.
22 Libguestfs was written by Richard W.M. Jones (rjones@redhat.com).
23 For discussion please use the fedora-virt mailing list:
25 https://www.redhat.com/mailman/listinfo/fedora-virt
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31 - recent QEMU >= 0.10 with vmchannel support
32 http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/qemu-devel/2009-02/msg01042.html
40 - XDR, rpcgen (on Linux these are provided by glibc)
42 - squashfs-tools (mksquashfs only)
44 - (Optional) Augeas (http://augeas.net/)
46 - perldoc (pod2man, pod2text) to generate the manual pages and
49 - (Optional) Readline to have nicer command-line editing in guestfish.
51 - (Optional) OCaml if you want to rebuild the generated files, and
52 also to build the OCaml bindings
54 - (Optional) local Fedora mirror
56 - (Optional) Perl if you want to build the perl bindings
58 - (Optional) Python if you want to build the python bindings
60 - (Optional) Ruby, rake if you want to build the ruby bindings
62 - (Optional) Java, JNI, jpackage-utils if you want to build the java
65 - (Optional) GHC if you want to build the Haskell bindings
67 Running ./configure will check you have all the requirements installed
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74 Then make the daemon, library and root filesystem:
76 ./configure [--with-mirror=URI]
79 Use the optional --with-mirror parameter to specify the URI of a local
80 Fedora mirror. See the discussion of the MIRROR parameter in the
81 febootstrap(8) manpage.
83 Finally run the tests:
87 If everything works, you can install the library and tools by running
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96 We provide packages for Fedora >= 11 in Fedora. Use those, or build
97 from our source RPMs - it's far simpler that way.
99 You can compile libguestfs on Fedora 10 but you cannot use it with the
100 version of qemu in Fedora 10. You need to compile your own qemu, see
101 section 'qemu' below.
104 RHEL / EPEL / CentOS etc
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107 We provide packages in EPEL which cover RHEL/CentOS >= 5. Use those
108 or build from our source RPMs.
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114 libguestfs should build and run on Debian. At the moment we don't
115 provide Debian packages, and because of the appliance it's rather
116 complicated to provide a package which could be accepted into the
117 Debian repositories. Want to help? Please contact us.
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123 By far the most common problem is with broken or incompatible
126 First of all, you need qemu >= 0.10.4, which contains a vmchannel
127 implementation. There are several, conflicting, incompatible things
128 called 'vmchannel' which at one time or another have been added or
129 proposed for qemu/KVM. The _only_ one we support is this one:
131 http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/qemu-devel/2009-02/msg01042.html
133 Secondly, different versions of qemu have problems booting the
134 appliance for different reasons. This varies between versions of
135 qemu, and Linux distributions which add their own patches.
137 If you find a problem, you could try using your own qemu built from
138 source (qemu is very easy to build from source), with a 'qemu
139 wrapper'. Qemu wrappers are described in the guestfs(3) manpage.
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145 By default the configure script will look for qemu-kvm (KVM support).
146 You will need a reasonably recent processor for this to work. KVM is
147 much faster than using plain Qemu.
149 You may also need to enable KVM support for non-root users, by following
152 http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/FAQ#How_can_I_use_kvm_with_a_non-privileged_user.3F
154 On some systems, this will work too:
158 On some systems, the chmod will not survive a reboot, and you will
159 need to make edits to the udev configuration.
162 Notes on cross-architecture support
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165 At the moment we basically don't support cross-architecture or
166 32-on-64. This limits what is possible for some guests. Filesystem
167 operations and FTP export will work fine, but running commands in
168 guests may not be possible.
170 To enable this requires work for cross-architecture and 32-on-64
171 support in febootstrap, fakeroot and fakechroot.
173 The daemon/ directory contains its own configure script. This is so
174 that in future we will be able to cross-compile the daemon.
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180 On my machines I can usually rebuild the appliance in around 3
181 minutes. If it takes much longer for you, use a local Fedora mirror
184 To use squid to cache yum downloads, read this first:
185 https://lists.dulug.duke.edu/pipermail/yum/2006-August/009041.html
186 (In brief, because yum chooses random mirrors each time, squid doesn't
187 work very well with default yum configuration. To get around this,
188 choose a Fedora mirror which is close to you, set this with
189 './configure --with-mirror=[...]', and then proxy the whole lot
190 through squid by setting http_proxy environment variable).
192 You will also need to substantially increase the squid configuration
194 http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Using_Mock_to_test_package_builds#Using_Squid_to_Speed_Up_Mock_package_downloads
197 Porting to other Linux distros / non-Linux
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200 libguestfs itself should be fairly portable to other Linux
201 distributions. Non-Linux ports are trickier, but we will accept
202 patches if they aren't too invasive.
204 The main porting issues are with the dependencies needed to build the
205 appliance. You will need to find or port the following packages
211 - rpm-python http://www.rpm.org/
212 - yum http://yum.baseurl.org/
213 - febootstrap http://et.redhat.com/~rjones/febootstrap/
216 Copyright and license information
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219 Copyright (C) 2009 Red Hat Inc.
221 The library is distributed under the LGPLv2+. The programs are
222 distributed under the GPLv2+. Please see the files COPYING and
223 COPYING.LIB for full license information.