This is equivalent to the qemu parameter C<-cdrom filename>.
+Note that this call checks for the existence of C<filename>. This
+stops you from specifying other types of drive which are supported
+by qemu such as C<nbd:> and C<http:> URLs. To specify those, use
+the general C<$h-E<gt>config> call instead.
+
=item $h->add_drive ($filename);
This function adds a virtual machine disk image C<filename> to the
just want to read the image or write access if you want to modify the
image).
-This is equivalent to the qemu parameter C<-drive file=filename>.
+This is equivalent to the qemu parameter C<-drive file=filename,cache=off>.
+
+Note that this call checks for the existence of C<filename>. This
+stops you from specifying other types of drive which are supported
+by qemu such as C<nbd:> and C<http:> URLs. To specify those, use
+the general C<$h-E<gt>config> call instead.
+
+=item $h->add_drive_ro ($filename);
+
+This adds a drive in snapshot mode, making it effectively
+read-only.
+
+Note that writes to the device are allowed, and will be seen for
+the duration of the guestfs handle, but they are written
+to a temporary file which is discarded as soon as the guestfs
+handle is closed. We don't currently have any method to enable
+changes to be committed, although qemu can support this.
+
+This is equivalent to the qemu parameter
+C<-drive file=filename,snapshot=on>.
+
+Note that this call checks for the existence of C<filename>. This
+stops you from specifying other types of drive which are supported
+by qemu such as C<nbd:> and C<http:> URLs. To specify those, use
+the general C<$h-E<gt>config> call instead.
=item $h->aug_close ();
The single parameter is an argv-style list of arguments.
The first element is the name of the program to run.
Subsequent elements are parameters. The list must be
-non-empty (ie. must contain a program name).
+non-empty (ie. must contain a program name). Note that
+the command runs directly, and is I<not> invoked via
+the shell (see C<$h-E<gt>sh>).
The return value is anything printed to I<stdout> by
the command.
This is the same as C<$h-E<gt>command>, but splits the
result into a list of lines.
+See also: C<$h-E<gt>sh_lines>
+
Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit
of somewhere between 2MB and 4MB. To transfer large files you should use
FTP.
to look at the file C<daemon/debug.c> in the libguestfs source
to find out what you can do.
+=item $output = $h->df ();
+
+This command runs the C<df> command to report disk space used.
+
+This command is mostly useful for interactive sessions. It
+is I<not> intended that you try to parse the output string.
+Use C<statvfs> from programs.
+
+=item $output = $h->df_h ();
+
+This command runs the C<df -h> command to report disk space used
+in human-readable format.
+
+This command is mostly useful for interactive sessions. It
+is I<not> intended that you try to parse the output string.
+Use C<statvfs> from programs.
+
=item $kmsgs = $h->dmesg ();
This returns the kernel messages (C<dmesg> output) from
This automatically calls L<sync(2)> before the operation,
so that the maximum guest memory is freed.
+=item $sizekb = $h->du ($path);
+
+This command runs the C<du -s> command to estimate file space
+usage for C<path>.
+
+C<path> can be a file or a directory. If C<path> is a directory
+then the estimate includes the contents of the directory and all
+subdirectories (recursively).
+
+The result is the estimated size in I<kilobytes>
+(ie. units of 1024 bytes).
+
+=item $h->e2fsck_f ($device);
+
+This runs C<e2fsck -p -f device>, ie. runs the ext2/ext3
+filesystem checker on C<device>, noninteractively (C<-p>),
+even if the filesystem appears to be clean (C<-f>).
+
+This command is only needed because of C<$h-E<gt>resize2fs>
+(q.v.). Normally you should use C<$h-E<gt>fsck>.
+
=item $h->end_busy ();
This sets the state to C<READY>, or if in C<CONFIG> then it leaves the
particular that the filename is not prepended to the output
(the C<-b> option).
+=item @names = $h->find ($directory);
+
+This command lists out all files and directories, recursively,
+starting at C<directory>. It is essentially equivalent to
+running the shell command C<find directory -print> but some
+post-processing happens on the output, described below.
+
+This returns a list of strings I<without any prefix>. Thus
+if the directory structure was:
+
+ /tmp/a
+ /tmp/b
+ /tmp/c/d
+
+then the returned list from C<$h-E<gt>find> C</tmp> would be
+4 elements:
+
+ a
+ b
+ c
+ c/d
+
+If C<directory> is not a directory, then this command returns
+an error.
+
+The returned list is sorted.
+
=item $status = $h->fsck ($fstype, $device);
This runs the filesystem checker (fsck) on C<device> which
This command is entirely equivalent to running C<fsck -a -t fstype device>.
+=item $append = $h->get_append ();
+
+Return the additional kernel options which are added to the
+guest kernel command line.
+
+If C<NULL> then no options are added.
+
=item $autosync = $h->get_autosync ();
Get the autosync flag.
This returns the ext2/3/4 filesystem UUID of the filesystem on
C<device>.
+=item $memsize = $h->get_memsize ();
+
+This gets the memory size in megabytes allocated to the
+qemu subprocess.
+
+If C<$h-E<gt>set_memsize> was not called
+on this handle, and if C<LIBGUESTFS_MEMSIZE> was not set,
+then this returns the compiled-in default value for memsize.
+
+For more information on the architecture of libguestfs,
+see L<guestfs(3)>.
+
=item $path = $h->get_path ();
Return the current search path.
This returns the verbose messages flag.
+=item @paths = $h->glob_expand ($pattern);
+
+This command searches for all the pathnames matching
+C<pattern> according to the wildcard expansion rules
+used by the shell.
+
+If no paths match, then this returns an empty list
+(note: not an error).
+
+It is just a wrapper around the C L<glob(3)> function
+with flags C<GLOB_MARK|GLOB_BRACE>.
+See that manual page for more details.
+
=item $h->grub_install ($root, $device);
This command installs GRUB (the Grand Unified Bootloader) on
C<device>, with the root directory being C<root>.
+=item @lines = $h->head ($path);
+
+This command returns up to the first 10 lines of a file as
+a list of strings.
+
+Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit
+of somewhere between 2MB and 4MB. To transfer large files you should use
+FTP.
+
+=item @lines = $h->head_n ($nrlines, $path);
+
+If the parameter C<nrlines> is a positive number, this returns the first
+C<nrlines> lines of the file C<path>.
+
+If the parameter C<nrlines> is a negative number, this returns lines
+from the file C<path>, excluding the last C<nrlines> lines.
+
+If the parameter C<nrlines> is zero, this returns an empty list.
+
+Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit
+of somewhere between 2MB and 4MB. To transfer large files you should use
+FTP.
+
=item $dump = $h->hexdump ($path);
This runs C<hexdump -C> on the given C<path>. The result is
of somewhere between 2MB and 4MB. To transfer large files you should use
FTP.
+=item @filenames = $h->initrd_list ($path);
+
+This command lists out files contained in an initrd.
+
+The files are listed without any initial C</> character. The
+files are listed in the order they appear (not necessarily
+alphabetical). Directory names are listed as separate items.
+
+Old Linux kernels (2.4 and earlier) used a compressed ext2
+filesystem as initrd. We I<only> support the newer initramfs
+format (compressed cpio files).
+
=item $busy = $h->is_busy ();
This returns true iff this handle is busy processing a command
You can also remove all LVs in a volume group by specifying
the VG name, C</dev/VG>.
+=item $h->lvresize ($device, $mbytes);
+
+This resizes (expands or shrinks) an existing LVM logical
+volume to C<mbytes>. When reducing, data in the reduced part
+is lost.
+
=item @logvols = $h->lvs ();
List all the logical volumes detected. This is the equivalent
Create a directory named C<path>, creating any parent directories
as necessary. This is like the C<mkdir -p> shell command.
+=item $dir = $h->mkdtemp ($template);
+
+This command creates a temporary directory. The
+C<template> parameter should be a full pathname for the
+temporary directory name with the final six characters being
+"XXXXXX".
+
+For example: "/tmp/myprogXXXXXX" or "/Temp/myprogXXXXXX",
+the second one being suitable for Windows filesystems.
+
+The name of the temporary directory that was created
+is returned.
+
+The temporary directory is created with mode 0700
+and is owned by root.
+
+The caller is responsible for deleting the temporary
+directory and its contents after use.
+
+See also: L<mkdtemp(3)>
+
+=item $h->mkfifo ($mode, $path);
+
+This call creates a FIFO (named pipe) called C<path> with
+mode C<mode>. It is just a convenient wrapper around
+C<$h-E<gt>mknod>.
+
=item $h->mkfs ($fstype, $device);
This creates a filesystem on C<device> (usually a partition
or LVM logical volume). The filesystem type is C<fstype>, for
example C<ext3>.
+=item $h->mknod ($mode, $devmajor, $devminor, $path);
+
+This call creates block or character special devices, or
+named pipes (FIFOs).
+
+The C<mode> parameter should be the mode, using the standard
+constants. C<devmajor> and C<devminor> are the
+device major and minor numbers, only used when creating block
+and character special devices.
+
+=item $h->mknod_b ($mode, $devmajor, $devminor, $path);
+
+This call creates a block device node called C<path> with
+mode C<mode> and device major/minor C<devmajor> and C<devminor>.
+It is just a convenient wrapper around C<$h-E<gt>mknod>.
+
+=item $h->mknod_c ($mode, $devmajor, $devminor, $path);
+
+This call creates a char device node called C<path> with
+mode C<mode> and device major/minor C<devmajor> and C<devminor>.
+It is just a convenient wrapper around C<$h-E<gt>mknod>.
+
+=item $h->mkswap ($device);
+
+Create a swap partition on C<device>.
+
+=item $h->mkswap_L ($label, $device);
+
+Create a swap partition on C<device> with label C<label>.
+
+=item $h->mkswap_U ($uuid, $device);
+
+Create a swap partition on C<device> with UUID C<uuid>.
+
=item $h->mount ($device, $mountpoint);
Mount a guest disk at a position in the filesystem. Block devices
The filesystem options C<sync> and C<noatime> are set with this
call, in order to improve reliability.
+=item $h->mount_loop ($file, $mountpoint);
+
+This command lets you mount C<file> (a filesystem image
+in a file) on a mount point. It is entirely equivalent to
+the command C<mount -o loop file mountpoint>.
+
=item $h->mount_options ($options, $device, $mountpoint);
This is the same as the C<$h-E<gt>mount> command, but it
This moves a file from C<src> to C<dest> where C<dest> is
either a destination filename or destination directory.
+=item $status = $h->ntfs_3g_probe ($rw, $device);
+
+This command runs the L<ntfs-3g.probe(8)> command which probes
+an NTFS C<device> for mountability. (Not all NTFS volumes can
+be mounted read-write, and some cannot be mounted at all).
+
+C<rw> is a boolean flag. Set it to true if you want to test
+if the volume can be mounted read-write. Set it to false if
+you want to test if the volume can be mounted read-only.
+
+The return value is an integer which C<0> if the operation
+would succeed, or some non-zero value documented in the
+L<ntfs-3g.probe(8)> manual page.
+
=item $h->ping_daemon ();
This is a test probe into the guestfs daemon running inside
wipe physical volumes that contain any volume groups, so you have
to remove those first.
+=item $h->pvresize ($device);
+
+This resizes (expands or shrinks) an existing LVM physical
+volume to match the new size of the underlying device.
+
=item @physvols = $h->pvs ();
List all the physical volumes detected. This is the equivalent
as end of line). For those you need to use the C<$h-E<gt>read_file>
function which has a more complex interface.
+=item $h->resize2fs ($device);
+
+This resizes an ext2 or ext3 filesystem to match the size of
+the underlying device.
+
+I<Note:> It is sometimes required that you run C<$h-E<gt>e2fsck_f>
+on the C<device> before calling this command. For unknown reasons
+C<resize2fs> sometimes gives an error about this and sometimes not.
+In any case, it is always safe to call C<$h-E<gt>e2fsck_f> before
+calling this function.
+
=item $h->rm ($path);
Remove the single file C<path>.
Remove the single directory C<path>.
+=item $h->scrub_device ($device);
+
+This command writes patterns over C<device> to make data retrieval
+more difficult.
+
+It is an interface to the L<scrub(1)> program. See that
+manual page for more details.
+
+B<This command is dangerous. Without careful use you
+can easily destroy all your data>.
+
+=item $h->scrub_file ($file);
+
+This command writes patterns over a file to make data retrieval
+more difficult.
+
+The file is I<removed> after scrubbing.
+
+It is an interface to the L<scrub(1)> program. See that
+manual page for more details.
+
+=item $h->scrub_freespace ($dir);
+
+This command creates the directory C<dir> and then fills it
+with files until the filesystem is full, and scrubs the files
+as for C<$h-E<gt>scrub_file>, and deletes them.
+The intention is to scrub any free space on the partition
+containing C<dir>.
+
+It is an interface to the L<scrub(1)> program. See that
+manual page for more details.
+
+=item $h->set_append ($append);
+
+This function is used to add additional options to the
+guest kernel command line.
+
+The default is C<NULL> unless overridden by setting
+C<LIBGUESTFS_APPEND> environment variable.
+
+Setting C<append> to C<NULL> means I<no> additional options
+are passed (libguestfs always adds a few of its own).
+
=item $h->set_autosync ($autosync);
If C<autosync> is true, this enables autosync. Libguestfs will make a
You can use either C<$h-E<gt>tune2fs_l> or C<$h-E<gt>get_e2uuid>
to return the existing UUID of a filesystem.
+=item $h->set_memsize ($memsize);
+
+This sets the memory size in megabytes allocated to the
+qemu subprocess. This only has any effect if called before
+C<$h-E<gt>launch>.
+
+You can also change this by setting the environment
+variable C<LIBGUESTFS_MEMSIZE> before the handle is
+created.
+
+For more information on the architecture of libguestfs,
+see L<guestfs(3)>.
+
=item $h->set_path ($path);
Set the path that libguestfs searches for kernel and initrd.img.
The default is C<$libdir/guestfs> unless overridden by setting
C<LIBGUESTFS_PATH> environment variable.
-The string C<path> is stashed in the libguestfs handle, so the caller
-must make sure it remains valid for the lifetime of the handle.
-
Setting C<path> to C<NULL> restores the default path.
=item $h->set_qemu ($qemu);
You can also override this by setting the C<LIBGUESTFS_QEMU>
environment variable.
-The string C<qemu> is stashed in the libguestfs handle, so the caller
-must make sure it remains valid for the lifetime of the handle.
-
Setting C<qemu> to C<NULL> restores the default qemu binary.
=item $h->set_ready ();
pass C<lines> as a single element list, when the single element being
the string C<,> (comma).
+See also: C<$h-E<gt>sfdisk_l>, C<$h-E<gt>sfdisk_N>
+
B<This command is dangerous. Without careful use you
can easily destroy all your data>.
+=item $h->sfdisk_N ($device, $partnum, $cyls, $heads, $sectors, $line);
+
+This runs L<sfdisk(8)> option to modify just the single
+partition C<n> (note: C<n> counts from 1).
+
+For other parameters, see C<$h-E<gt>sfdisk>. You should usually
+pass C<0> for the cyls/heads/sectors parameters.
+
+B<This command is dangerous. Without careful use you
+can easily destroy all your data>.
+
+=item $partitions = $h->sfdisk_disk_geometry ($device);
+
+This displays the disk geometry of C<device> read from the
+partition table. Especially in the case where the underlying
+block device has been resized, this can be different from the
+kernel's idea of the geometry (see C<$h-E<gt>sfdisk_kernel_geometry>).
+
+The result is in human-readable format, and not designed to
+be parsed.
+
+=item $partitions = $h->sfdisk_kernel_geometry ($device);
+
+This displays the kernel's idea of the geometry of C<device>.
+
+The result is in human-readable format, and not designed to
+be parsed.
+
+=item $partitions = $h->sfdisk_l ($device);
+
+This displays the partition table on C<device>, in the
+human-readable output of the L<sfdisk(8)> command. It is
+not intended to be parsed.
+
+=item $output = $h->sh ($command);
+
+This call runs a command from the guest filesystem via the
+guest's C</bin/sh>.
+
+This is like C<$h-E<gt>command>, but passes the command to:
+
+ /bin/sh -c "command"
+
+Depending on the guest's shell, this usually results in
+wildcards being expanded, shell expressions being interpolated
+and so on.
+
+All the provisos about C<$h-E<gt>command> apply to this call.
+
+=item @lines = $h->sh_lines ($command);
+
+This is the same as C<$h-E<gt>sh>, but splits the result
+into a list of lines.
+
+See also: C<$h-E<gt>command_lines>
+
+=item $h->sleep ($secs);
+
+Sleep for C<secs> seconds.
+
=item %statbuf = $h->stat ($path);
Returns file information for the given C<path>.
You should always call this if you have modified a disk image, before
closing the handle.
+=item @lines = $h->tail ($path);
+
+This command returns up to the last 10 lines of a file as
+a list of strings.
+
+Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit
+of somewhere between 2MB and 4MB. To transfer large files you should use
+FTP.
+
+=item @lines = $h->tail_n ($nrlines, $path);
+
+If the parameter C<nrlines> is a positive number, this returns the last
+C<nrlines> lines of the file C<path>.
+
+If the parameter C<nrlines> is a negative number, this returns lines
+from the file C<path>, starting with the C<-nrlines>th line.
+
+If the parameter C<nrlines> is zero, this returns an empty list.
+
+Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit
+of somewhere between 2MB and 4MB. To transfer large files you should use
+FTP.
+
=item $h->tar_in ($tarfile, $directory);
This command uploads and unpacks local file C<tarfile> (an
clearly defined, and depends on both the version of C<tune2fs>
that libguestfs was built against, and the filesystem itself.
+=item $oldmask = $h->umask ($mask);
+
+This function sets the mask used for creating new files and
+device nodes to C<mask & 0777>.
+
+Typical umask values would be C<022> which creates new files
+with permissions like "-rw-r--r--" or "-rwxr-xr-x", and
+C<002> which creates new files with permissions like
+"-rw-rw-r--" or "-rwxrwxr-x".
+
+See also L<umask(2)>, C<$h-E<gt>mknod>, C<$h-E<gt>mkdir>.
+
+This call returns the previous umask.
+
=item $h->umount ($pathordevice);
This unmounts the given filesystem. The filesystem may be
See also C<$h-E<gt>download>.
+=item $h->vg_activate ($activate, \@volgroups);
+
+This command activates or (if C<activate> is false) deactivates
+all logical volumes in the listed volume groups C<volgroups>.
+If activated, then they are made known to the
+kernel, ie. they appear as C</dev/mapper> devices. If deactivated,
+then those devices disappear.
+
+This command is the same as running C<vgchange -a y|n volgroups...>
+
+Note that if C<volgroups> is an empty list then B<all> volume groups
+are activated or deactivated.
+
+=item $h->vg_activate_all ($activate);
+
+This command activates or (if C<activate> is false) deactivates
+all logical volumes in all volume groups.
+If activated, then they are made known to the
+kernel, ie. they appear as C</dev/mapper> devices. If deactivated,
+then those devices disappear.
+
+This command is the same as running C<vgchange -a y|n>
+
=item $h->vgcreate ($volgroup, \@physvols);
This creates an LVM volume group called C<volgroup>
You should call this after C<$h-E<gt>launch> to wait for the launch
to complete.
+=item $chars = $h->wc_c ($path);
+
+This command counts the characters in a file, using the
+C<wc -c> external command.
+
+=item $lines = $h->wc_l ($path);
+
+This command counts the lines in a file, using the
+C<wc -l> external command.
+
+=item $words = $h->wc_w ($path);
+
+This command counts the words in a file, using the
+C<wc -w> external command.
+
=item $h->write_file ($path, $content, $size);
This call creates a file called C<path>. The contents of the
to securely wipe the device). It should be sufficient to remove
any partition tables, filesystem superblocks and so on.
+See also: C<$h-E<gt>scrub_device>.
+
+=item $h->zerofree ($device);
+
+This runs the I<zerofree> program on C<device>. This program
+claims to zero unused inodes and disk blocks on an ext2/3
+filesystem, thus making it possible to compress the filesystem
+more effectively.
+
+You should B<not> run this program if the filesystem is
+mounted.
+
+It is possible that using this program can damage the filesystem
+or data on the filesystem.
+
=cut
1;
git.annexia.org / libguestfs.git / blobdiff