guestfish -a disk.img -m dev[:mountpoint]
- guestfish -i libvirt-domain
+ guestfish -d libvirt-domain
- guestfish -i disk.img [disk.img ...]
+ guestfish -a disk.img -i
+
+ guestfish -d libvirt-domain -i
+
+=head1 WARNING
+
+Using guestfish in read/write mode on live virtual machines can be
+dangerous, potentially causing disk corruption. Use the I<--ro>
+(read-only) option to use guestfish safely if the disk image or
+virtual machine might be live.
=head1 EXAMPLES
add disk.img
run
mount /dev/vg_guest/lv_root /
- write_file /etc/motd "Welcome, new users" 0
+ write /etc/motd "Welcome, new users"
_EOF_
List the LVM logical volumes in a guest:
guestfish \
add disk.img : run : mount /dev/vg_guest/lv_root / : \
- write-file /etc/resolv.conf "nameserver 1.2.3.4" 0
+ write /etc/resolv.conf "nameserver 1.2.3.4"
Edit C</boot/grub/grub.conf> interactively:
--mount /dev/sda1:/boot \
edit /boot/grub/grub.conf
-=head2 Using virt-inspector
+=head2 Mount disks automatically
-Use the I<-i> option to get virt-inspector to mount
-the filesystems automatically as they would be mounted
-in the virtual machine:
+Use the I<-i> option to automatically mount the
+disks from a virtual machine:
- guestfish --ro -i disk.img cat /etc/group
+ guestfish --ro -a disk.img -i cat /etc/group
+
+ guestfish --ro -d libvirt-domain -i cat /etc/group
=head2 As a script interpreter
To list what is available do:
- guestfish -N list | less
+ guestfish -N help | less
=head2 Remote control
rescue a broken virtual machine image, you should look at the
L<virt-rescue(1)> command.
-Using guestfish in read/write mode on live virtual machines can be
-dangerous, potentially causing disk corruption. Use the I<--ro>
-(read-only) option to use guestfish safely if the disk image or
-virtual machine might be live.
-
=head1 OPTIONS
=over 4
Add a block device or virtual machine image to the shell.
+=item B<-c URI> | B<--connect URI>
+
+When used in conjunction with the I<-d> option, this specifies
+the libvirt URI to use. The default is to use the default libvirt
+connection.
+
+=item B<-d libvirt-domain> | B<--domain libvirt-domain>
+
+Add disks from the named libvirt domain. If the I<--ro> option is
+also used, then any libvirt domain can be used. However in write
+mode, only libvirt domains which are shut down can be named here.
+
=item B<-D> | B<--no-dest-paths>
Don't tab-complete paths on the guest filesystem. It is useful to be
=item B<-i> | B<--inspector>
-Run virt-inspector on the named libvirt domain or list of disk
-images. If virt-inspector is available and if it can identify
-the domain or disk images, then partitions will be mounted
-correctly at start-up.
+Using L<virt-inspector(1)> code, inspect the disks looking for
+an operating system and mount filesystems as they would be
+mounted on the real virtual machine.
Typical usage is either:
- guestfish -i myguest
+ guestfish -d myguest -i
(for an inactive libvirt domain called I<myguest>), or:
- guestfish --ro -i myguest
+ guestfish --ro -d myguest -i
(for active domains, readonly), or specify the block device directly:
- guestfish -i /dev/Guests/MyGuest
+ guestfish -a /dev/Guests/MyGuest -i
+
+Note that the command line syntax changed slightly over older
+versions of guestfish. You can still use the old syntax:
-You cannot use I<-a>, I<-m>, I<-N>, I<--listen>, I<--remote> or
-I<--selinux> in conjunction with this option, and options other than
-I<--ro> might not behave correctly.
+ guestfish [--ro] -i disk.img
-See also: L<virt-inspector(1)>.
+ guestfish [--ro] -i libvirt-domain
+
+=item B<--keys-from-stdin>
+
+Read key or passphrase parameters from stdin. The default is
+to try to read passphrases from the user by opening C</dev/tty>.
=item B<--listen>
Disable autosync. This is enabled by default. See the discussion
of autosync in the L<guestfs(3)> manpage.
-=item B<-N type> | B<--new type> | B<-N list>
+=item B<-N type> | B<--new type> | B<-N help>
Prepare a fresh disk image formatted as "type". This is an
alternative to the I<-a> option: whereas I<-a> adds an existing disk,
I<-N> creates a preformatted disk with a filesystem and adds it.
See L</PREPARED DISK IMAGES> below.
+=item B<--progress-bars>
+
+Enable progress bars, even when guestfish is used non-interactively.
+
+Progress bars are enabled by default when guestfish is used as an
+interactive shell.
+
+=item B<--no-progress-bars>
+
+Disable progress bars.
+
=item B<--remote[=pid]>
Send remote commands to C<$GUESTFISH_PID> or C<pid>. See section
=head1 NUMBERS
-Commands which take integers as parameters use the C convention which
-is to use C<0> to prefix an octal number or C<0x> to prefix a
-hexadecimal number. For example:
+This section applies to all commands which can take integers
+as parameters.
+
+=head2 SIZE SUFFIX
+
+When the command takes a parameter measured in bytes, you can use one
+of the following suffixes to specify kilobytes, megabytes and larger
+sizes:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item B<k> or B<K> or B<KiB>
+
+The size in kilobytes (multiplied by 1024).
+
+=item B<KB>
+
+The size in SI 1000 byte units.
+
+=item B<M> or B<MiB>
+
+The size in megabytes (multiplied by 1048576).
+
+=item B<MB>
+
+The size in SI 1000000 byte units.
+
+=item B<G> or B<GiB>
+
+The size in gigabytes (multiplied by 2**30).
+
+=item B<GB>
+
+The size in SI 10**9 byte units.
+
+=item B<T> or B<TiB>
+
+The size in terabytes (multiplied by 2**40).
+
+=item B<TB>
+
+The size in SI 10**12 byte units.
+
+=item B<P> or B<PiB>
+
+The size in petabytes (multiplied by 2**50).
+
+=item B<PB>
+
+The size in SI 10**15 byte units.
+
+=item B<E> or B<EiB>
+
+The size in exabytes (multiplied by 2**60).
+
+=item B<EB>
+
+The size in SI 10**18 byte units.
+
+=item B<Z> or B<ZiB>
+
+The size in zettabytes (multiplied by 2**70).
+
+=item B<ZB>
+
+The size in SI 10**21 byte units.
+
+=item B<Y> or B<YiB>
+
+The size in yottabytes (multiplied by 2**80).
+
+=item B<YB>
+
+The size in SI 10**24 byte units.
+
+=back
+
+For example:
+
+ truncate-size /file 1G
+
+would truncate the file to 1 gigabyte.
+
+Be careful because a few commands take sizes in kilobytes or megabytes
+(eg. the parameter to L</memsize> is specified in megabytes already).
+Adding a suffix will probably not do what you expect.
+
+=head2 OCTAL AND HEXADECIMAL NUMBERS
+
+For specifying the radix (base) use the C convention: C<0> to prefix
+an octal number or C<0x> to prefix a hexadecimal number. For example:
1234 decimal number 1234
02322 octal number, equivalent to decimal 1234
echo "~"
+=head1 ENCRYPTED DISKS
+
+Libguestfs has some support for Linux guests encrypted according to
+the Linux Unified Key Setup (LUKS) standard, which includes nearly all
+whole disk encryption systems used by modern Linux guests. Currently
+only LVM-on-LUKS is supported.
+
+Identify encrypted block devices and partitions using L</vfs-type>:
+
+ ><fs> vfs-type /dev/sda2
+ crypto_LUKS
+
+Then open those devices using L</luks-open>. This creates a
+device-mapper device called C</dev/mapper/luksdev>.
+
+ ><fs> luks-open /dev/sda2 luksdev
+ Enter key or passphrase ("key"): <enter the passphrase>
+
+Finally you have to tell LVM to scan for volume groups on
+the newly created mapper device:
+
+ ><fs> vgscan
+ ><fs> vg-activate-all true
+
+The logical volume(s) can now be mounted in the usual way.
+
+Before closing a LUKS device you must unmount any logical volumes on
+it and deactivate the volume groups by calling C<vg-activate false VG>
+on each one. Then you can close the mapper device:
+
+ ><fs> vg-activate false /dev/VG
+ ><fs> luks-close /dev/mapper/luksdev
+
=head1 WINDOWS PATHS
If a path is prefixed with C<win:> then you can use Windows-style
To list the available types and any extra parameters they take, run:
- guestfish -N list | less
+ guestfish -N help | less
Note that the prepared filesystem is not mounted. You would usually
have to use the C<mount /dev/sda1 /> command or add the
guestfish -N disk:200M
+=head1 PROGRESS BARS
+
+Some (not all) long-running commands send progress notification
+messages as they are running. Guestfish turns these messages into
+progress bars.
+
+When a command that supports progress bars takes longer than two
+seconds to run, and if progress bars are enabled, then you will see
+one appearing below the command:
+
+ ><fs> copy-size /large-file /another-file 2048M
+ / 10% [#####-----------------------------------------] 00:30
+
+The spinner on the left hand side moves round once for every progress
+notification received from the backend. This is a (reasonably) golden
+assurance that the command is "doing something" even if the progress
+bar is not moving, because the command is able to send the progress
+notifications. When the bar reaches 100% and the command finishes,
+the spinner disappears.
+
+Progress bars are enabled by default when guestfish is used
+interactively. You can enable them even for non-interactive modes
+using I<--progress-bars>, and you can disable them completely using
+I<--no-progress-bars>.
+
=head1 GUESTFISH COMMANDS
The commands in this section are guestfish convenience commands, in
For more advanced image creation, see L<qemu-img(1)> utility.
-Size can be specified (where C<nn> means a number):
-
-=over 4
-
-=item C<nn> or C<nn>K or C<nn>KB
+Size can be specified using standard suffixes, eg. C<1M>.
-number of kilobytes, eg: C<1440> = standard 3.5in floppy
+=head2 copy-in
-=item C<nn>M or C<nn>MB
+ copy-in local [local ...] /remotedir
-number of megabytes
+C<copy-in> copies local files or directories recursively into the disk
+image, placing them in the directory called C</remotedir> (which must
+exist). This guestfish meta-command turns into a sequence of
+L</tar-in> and other commands as necessary.
-=item C<nn>G or C<nn>GB
-
-number of gigabytes
-
-=item C<nn>T or C<nn>TB
-
-number of terabytes
+Multiple local files and directories can be specified, but the last
+parameter must always be a remote directory. Wildcards cannot be
+used.
-=item C<nn>P or C<nn>PB
+=head2 copy-out
-number of petabytes
+ copy-out remote [remote ...] localdir
-=item C<nn>E or C<nn>EB
+C<copy-out> copies remote files or directories recursively out of the
+disk image, placing them on the host disk in a local directory called
+C<localdir> (which must exist). This guestfish meta-command turns
+into a sequence of L</download>, L</tar-out> and other commands as
+necessary.
-number of exabytes
+Multiple remote files and directories can be specified, but the last
+parameter must always be a local directory. To download to the
+current directory, use C<.> as in:
-=item C<nn>sects
+ copy-out /home .
-number of 512 byte sectors
+Wildcards cannot be used in the ordinary command, but you can use
+this with the help of L</glob> like this:
-=back
+ glob copy-out /home/* .
=head2 echo
commands C<vi> or C<emacs> you will get those corresponding
editors.
-NOTE: This will not work reliably for large files
-(> 2 MB) or binary files containing \0 bytes.
-
=head2 glob
glob command args...
The default viewer is C<$PAGER>. However if you use the alternate
command C<less> you will get the C<less> command specifically.
-NOTE: This will not work reliably for large files
-(> 2 MB) or binary files containing \0 bytes.
-
=head2 quit | exit
This exits guestfish. You can also use C<^D> key.
For more advanced image creation, see L<qemu-img(1)> utility.
-Size can be specified (where C<nn> means a number):
-
-=over 4
-
-=item C<nn> or C<nn>K or C<nn>KB
-
-number of kilobytes, eg: C<1440> = standard 3.5in floppy
-
-=item C<nn>M or C<nn>MB
-
-number of megabytes
-
-=item C<nn>G or C<nn>GB
-
-number of gigabytes
-
-=item C<nn>T or C<nn>TB
-
-number of terabytes
-
-=item C<nn>P or C<nn>PB
+Size can be specified using standard suffixes, eg. C<1M>.
-number of petabytes
+=head2 supported
-=item C<nn>E or C<nn>EB
+ supported
-number of exabytes
+This command returns a list of the optional groups
+known to the daemon, and indicates which ones are
+supported by this build of the libguestfs appliance.
-=item C<nn>sects
-
-number of 512 byte sectors
-
-=back
+See also L<guestfs(3)/AVAILABILITY>.
=head2 time
@ACTIONS@
+=head1 EXIT CODE
+
+guestfish returns 0 if the commands completed without error, or
+1 if there was an error.
+
=head1 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
=over 4
=item HOME
-If compiled with GNU readline support, then the command history
-is saved in C<$HOME/.guestfish>
+If compiled with GNU readline support, various files in the
+home directory can be used. See L</FILES>.
=item LIBGUESTFS_APPEND
=back
-=head1 EXIT CODE
+=head1 FILES
-guestfish returns 0 if the commands completed without error, or
-1 if there was an error.
+=over 4
+
+=item $HOME/.guestfish
+
+If compiled with GNU readline support, then the command history
+is saved in this file.
+
+=item $HOME/.inputrc
+
+=item /etc/inputrc
+
+If compiled with GNU readline support, then these files can be used to
+configure readline. For further information, please see
+L<readline(3)/INITIALIZATION FILE>.
+
+To write rules which only apply to guestfish, use:
+
+ $if guestfish
+ ...
+ $endif
+
+Variables that you can set in inputrc that change the behaviour
+of guestfish in useful ways include:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item completion-ignore-case (default: on)
+
+By default, guestfish will ignore case when tab-completing
+paths on the disk. Use:
+
+ set completion-ignore-case off
+
+to make guestfish case sensitive.
+
+=back
+
+=item test1.img
+
+=item test2.img (etc)
+
+When using the C<-N> or C<--new> option, the prepared disk or
+filesystem will be created in the file C<test1.img> in the current
+directory. The second use of C<-N> will use C<test2.img> and so on.
+Any existing file with the same name will be overwritten.
+
+=back
=head1 SEE ALSO
git.annexia.org / libguestfs.git / blobdiff